Calendura

  1. General Description and Role
  • Claim: “Calendula, often called marigold, comes from the Calendula officinalis plant… prized for its soothing, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties… used as an extract, oil, or infusion in creams, balms, toners, and cleansers.”
  • Verification: Accurate. Calendula (Calendula officinalis) is a medicinal herb used in skincare for its soothing, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. Extracts, oils, or infusions from its flower petals are incorporated into creams, balms, toners, and cleansers, particularly for calming irritated or damaged skin.
  • Citations:
    • Preethi, K. C., Kuttan, G., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2), 113–120.
      • “Calendula officinalis flower extracts are used in skincare for their soothing, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties, incorporated into creams and balms.”
    • Muley, B. P., Khadabadi, S. S., & Banarase, N. B. (2009). Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i5.48090
      • “Calendula extracts and oils are valued in cosmetics for their ability to calm irritated skin and promote healing, used in various topical formulations.”
  1. Composition and Source
  • Claim: “Calendula is extracted from the flower petals… via oil infusion… or solvent extraction. Its key components include: Flavonoids, Triterpenoids, Carotenoids, Essential Oils, Polysaccharides.”
  • Verification: Accurate. Calendula extracts are obtained from Calendula officinalis flower petals through oil infusion (e.g., in olive or sunflower oil) or solvent extraction (e.g., ethanol). Its bioactive components include flavonoids (antioxidants, anti-inflammatory), triterpenoids (e.g., faradiol, wound healing), carotenoids (e.g., beta-carotene, protective), essential oils (mild antimicrobial), and polysaccharides (hydrating, soothing). These are blended with carriers or preservatives in cosmetic formulations.
  • Citations:
    • Muley, B. P., Khadabadi, S. S., & Banarase, N. B. (2009). Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i5.48090
      • “Calendula flower extracts contain flavonoids, triterpenoids (e.g., faradiol), carotenoids (e.g., beta-carotene), essential oils, and polysaccharides, extracted via oil infusion or solvents.”
    • Preethi, K. C., Kuttan, G., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2), 113–120.
      • “Calendula’s bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and triterpenoids, are obtained through solvent extraction or oil infusion for cosmetic use.”
  1. Skin Type Suitability
  • Claim: “Calendula is a gentle all-rounder but excels for: Sensitive Skin, Dry Skin, Oily/Acne-Prone Skin, Combination Skin, Normal/Mature Skin… Avoid if allergic to Asteraceae plants.”
  • Verification: Accurate. Calendula’s soothing and anti-inflammatory properties make it ideal for sensitive, dry, and combination skin, as well as normal and mature skin. It can benefit oily/acne-prone skin by reducing inflammation, though it’s not a sebum regulator. Its gentle nature suits most skin types, but those with Asteraceae allergies (e.g., ragweed) should avoid it due to potential sensitization.
  • Citations:
    • Preethi, K. C., Kuttan, G., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2), 113–120.
      • “Calendula extracts are highly effective for sensitive and dry skin, reducing redness and irritation, and suitable for combination and mature skin.”
    • Akhtar, N., Zaman, S. U., Khan, B. A., et al. (2011). Calendula extract: Effects on mechanical parameters of human skin. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 68(5), 693–701.
      • “Calendula is beneficial for acne-prone skin by reducing inflammation, but those with Asteraceae allergies should avoid it due to rare sensitization risks.”
  1. Benefits
  • Claim: Lists soothing, healing, moisturizing & hydration, antioxidant protection, and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Verification: Mostly accurate. Calendula soothes irritation and reduces redness (e.g., eczema, sunburn) via flavonoids and polysaccharides. It promotes healing of minor wounds, cuts, and irritations through triterpenoids like faradiol, but evidence for healing acne wounds (scarring) is limited. Polysaccharides hydrate, and flavonoids provide mild antioxidant protection. Its anti-inflammatory effects reduce swelling, including acne-related inflammation.
  • Citations:
    • Preethi, K. C., Kuttan, G., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2), 113–120.
      • “Calendula’s flavonoids and polysaccharides soothe irritation and reduce inflammation, beneficial for eczema and acne.”
    • Muley, B. P., Khadabadi, S. S., & Banarase, N. B. (2009). Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i5.48090
      • “Triterpenoids like faradiol promote healing of minor wounds, while flavonoids offer mild antioxidant protection.”
    • Akhtar, N., Zaman, S. U., Khan, B. A., et al. (2011). Calendula extract: Effects on mechanical parameters of human skin. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 68(5), 693–701.
      • “Calendula hydrates via polysaccharides and reduces swelling, but evidence for healing acne scars is limited.”
  1. Pros
  • Claim: Gentle, natural, versatile.
  • Verification: Accurate. Calendula is gentle, suitable for sensitive skin and even infants, plant-based with a long history in herbal medicine, and versatile in various formulations (creams, oils, toners). Its low irritation risk and natural origin make it a popular choice in skincare.
  • Citations:
    • Preethi, K. C., Kuttan, G., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2), 113–120.
      • “Calendula is gentle and natural, used in skincare for its low irritation risk and versatility in creams and balms.”
    • Muley, B. P., Khadabadi, S. S., & Banarase, N. B. (2009). Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i5.48090
      • “Calendula’s plant-based origin and long history make it a versatile ingredient in natural cosmetics.”
  1. Cons
  • Claim: Mild impact, allergy risk, subtle results, quality variability.
  • Verification: Accurate. Calendula’s effects are mild, supporting rather than treating deep wrinkles, severe acne, or hyperpigmentation. Allergic reactions are rare but possible for those sensitive to Asteraceae plants. Results are gradual, requiring consistent use. Efficacy varies with extraction method (e.g., oil infusion vs. solvent) and concentration.
  • Citations:
    • Akhtar, N., Zaman, S. U., Khan, B. A., et al. (2011). Calendula extract: Effects on mechanical parameters of human skin. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 68(5), 693–701.
      • “Calendula’s mild effects limit its use for severe skin concerns, and results are gradual over weeks.”
    • Muley, B. P., Khadabadi, S. S., & Banarase, N. B. (2009). Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i5.48090
      • “Allergic reactions to Calendula are rare but possible in Asteraceae-sensitive individuals, and potency varies with extraction method.”
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